Status codes¶
To provide a (varying) status code of a server response, use the statusCode
output, which maps to a value of type
sttp.model.StatusCode
. The companion object contains known status
codes as constants. This type of output is used only when interpreting the endpoint as a server. If your endpoint returns varying status codes
which you would like to have listed in documentation use statusCode.description(code1, "code1 description").description(code2, "code2 description")
output.
Alternatively, a fixed status code can be specified using the statusCode(code)
output.
Dynamic status codes¶
It is also possible to specify how status codes map to different outputs. All mappings should have a common supertype, which is also the type of the output. These mappings are used to determine the status code when interpreting an endpoint as a server, as well as when generating documentation and to deserialise client responses to the appropriate type, basing on the status code.
For example, below is a specification for an endpoint where the error output is a sealed trait ErrorInfo
;
such a specification can then be refined and reused for other endpoints:
import sttp.tapir._
import sttp.tapir.json.circe._
import sttp.model.StatusCode
import io.circe.generic.auto._
sealed trait ErrorInfo
case class NotFound(what: String) extends ErrorInfo
case class Unauthorized(realm: String) extends ErrorInfo
case class Unknown(code: Int, msg: String) extends ErrorInfo
case object NoContent extends ErrorInfo
// here we are defining an error output, but the same can be done for regular outputs
val baseEndpoint = endpoint.errorOut(
oneOf[ErrorInfo](
statusMapping(StatusCode.NotFound, jsonBody[NotFound].description("not found")),
statusMapping(StatusCode.Unauthorized, jsonBody[Unauthorized].description("unauthorized")),
statusMapping(StatusCode.NoContent, emptyOutput.map(_ => NoContent)(_ => ())),
statusDefaultMapping(jsonBody[Unknown].description("unknown"))
)
)
Each mapping, defined using the statusMapping
method is a case class, containing the output description as well as
the status code. Moreover, default mappings can be defined using statusDefaultMapping
:
- for servers, the default status code for error outputs is
400
, and for normal outputs200
(unless astatusCode
is used in the nested output) - for clients, a default mapping is a catch-all.
Both statusMapping
and statusDefaultMapping
return a value of type StatusMapping
. A list of these values can be
dynamically assembled (e.g. using a default set of cases, plus endpoint-specific mappings), and provided to oneOf
.
Status mapping and type erasure¶
Type erasure may prevent a status mapping from working properly. The following example will fail at compile time because Right[NotFound]
and Right[BadRequest]
will become Right[Any]
:
import sttp.tapir._
import sttp.tapir.json.circe._
import sttp.model.StatusCode
import io.circe.generic.auto._
case class ServerError(what: String)
sealed trait UserError
case class BadRequest(what: String) extends UserError
case class NotFound(what: String) extends UserError
val baseEndpoint = endpoint.errorOut(
oneOf[Either[ServerError, UserError]](
statusMapping(StatusCode.NotFound, jsonBody[Right[ServerError, NotFound]].description("not found")),
statusMapping(StatusCode.BadRequest, jsonBody[Right[ServerError, BadRequest]].description("unauthorized")),
statusMapping(StatusCode.InternalServerError, jsonBody[Left[ServerError, UserError]].description("unauthorized")),
)
)
// error: Constructing statusMapping of type scala.util.Right[repl.MdocSession.App.ServerError,repl.MdocSession.App.NotFound] is not allowed because of type erasure. Using a runtime-class-based check it isn't possible to verify that the input matches the desired class. Please use statusMappingClassMatcher, statusMappingValueMatcher or statusMappingFromMatchType instead
// statusMappingValueMatcher(StatusCode.NotFound, jsonBody[Right[ServerError, NotFound]].description("not found")) {
// ^
// error: Constructing statusMapping of type scala.util.Right[repl.MdocSession.App.ServerError,repl.MdocSession.App.BadRequest] is not allowed because of type erasure. Using a runtime-class-based check it isn't possible to verify that the input matches the desired class. Please use statusMappingClassMatcher, statusMappingValueMatcher or statusMappingFromMatchType instead
// statusMappingValueMatcher(StatusCode.BadRequest, jsonBody[Right[ServerError, BadRequest]].description("unauthorized")) {
// ^
// error: Constructing statusMapping of type scala.util.Left[repl.MdocSession.App.ServerError,repl.MdocSession.App.UserError] is not allowed because of type erasure. Using a runtime-class-based check it isn't possible to verify that the input matches the desired class. Please use statusMappingClassMatcher, statusMappingValueMatcher or statusMappingFromMatchType instead
// statusMappingValueMatcher(StatusCode.InternalServerError, jsonBody[Left[ServerError, UserError]].description("unauthorized")) {
// ^
The solution is therefore to handwrite a function checking that a val
(of type Any
) is of the correct type:
val baseEndpoint = endpoint.errorOut(
oneOf[Either[ServerError, UserError]](
statusMappingValueMatcher(StatusCode.NotFound, jsonBody[Right[ServerError, NotFound]].description("not found")) {
case Right(NotFound(_)) => true
},
statusMappingValueMatcher(StatusCode.BadRequest, jsonBody[Right[ServerError, BadRequest]].description("unauthorized")) {
case Right(BadRequest(_)) => true
},
statusMappingValueMatcher(StatusCode.InternalServerError, jsonBody[Left[ServerError, UserError]].description("unauthorized")) {
case Left(ServerError(_)) => true
}
)
)
Of course you could use statusMappingValueMatcher
to do runtime filtering for other purpose than solving type erasure.
In the case of solving type erasure, writing by hand partial function to match value against composition of case class and sealed trait can be repetitive.
To make that more easy, we provide an experimental typeclass - MatchType
- so you can automatically derive that partial function:
import sttp.tapir.typelevel.MatchType
val baseEndpoint = endpoint.errorOut(
oneOf[Either[ServerError, UserError]](
statusMappingFromMatchType(StatusCode.NotFound, jsonBody[Right[ServerError, NotFound]].description("not found")),
statusMappingFromMatchType(StatusCode.BadRequest, jsonBody[Right[ServerError, BadRequest]].description("unauthorized")),
statusMappingFromMatchType(StatusCode.InternalServerError, jsonBody[Left[ServerError, UserError]].description("unauthorized"))
)
)
Server interpreters¶
Unless specified otherwise, successful responses are returned with the 200 OK
status code, and errors with
400 Bad Request
. For exception and decode failure handling, see error handling.